Topic

Sleep, energy and the brain

The 200 studies that carry the evidence on this topic, ordered by weight: the stronger the evidence and the more the study was built on, the higher it stands.

all levels level 5 · 105 level 4 · 74 level 3 · 21

5 Repeated evidence Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
2022 · Lancet (London, England) · 950 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence Components and Delivery Formats of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Component Network Meta-Analysis.
2024 · JAMA psychiatry · 452 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2023 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence The effects of physical activity on cortisol and sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Psychoneuroendocrinology
5 Repeated evidence Global prevalence of poor sleep quality in military personnel and veterans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.
2026 · Sleep medicine reviews · 28,100 participants
5 Repeated evidence Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis.
2024 · Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
5 Repeated evidence The Relationship of Omega-3 Fatty Acids with Dementia and Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Prospective Cohort Studies of Supplementation, Dietary Intake, and Blood Markers.
2023 · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 103,651 participants
5 Repeated evidence The relationship between sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment in mood disorders: A systematic review.
2023 · Journal of affective disorders · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence Effects of Exercise Training Interventions on Executive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2021 · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
5 Repeated evidence Behavioral and psychological treatments for chronic insomnia disorder in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment.
2021 · Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publica · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence The best approaches and doses of exercise for improving sleep quality: a network meta-analysis and dose-response relationship study.
2025 · BMC public health · 7,276 participants
5 Repeated evidence Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.
2024 · Journal of pineal research · 26 participants
5 Repeated evidence Coffee, caffeine, and sleep: A systematic review of epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials.
2018 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence B vitamins and prevention of cognitive decline and incident dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Nutrition reviews · 46,175 participants
5 Repeated evidence The effects of light therapy on sleep problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2018 · Sleep medicine reviews · 1,154 participants
5 Repeated evidence The impact of aerobic and resistance training intensity on markers of neuroplasticity in health and disease.
2022 · Ageing research reviews
5 Repeated evidence Effects of different types of exercise on sleep quality based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in middle-aged and older adults: a network meta-analysis.
2024 · Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publica · 3,460 participants
5 Repeated evidence Brain stimulation techniques as novel treatment options for insomnia: A systematic review.
2023 · Journal of sleep research · 967 participants
5 Repeated evidence The effects of L-theanine consumption on sleep outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2025 · Sleep medicine reviews · 897 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in improving sleep quality after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2024 · Journal of clinical nursing · 1,701 participants
5 Repeated evidence Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Comorbid With Psychiatric and Medical Conditions: A Meta-analysis.
2015 · JAMA internal medicine
5 Repeated evidence The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on glycaemic measures in adults with sleep disturbances and behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2025 · Diabetes & vascular disease research · 2,044 participants
5 Repeated evidence Effects of creatine supplementation on memory in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
2023 · Nutrition reviews
5 Repeated evidence Multidimensional sleep health and diabetic retinopathy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
2024 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life.
2019 · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 83,000 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence The impact of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on objective sleep parameters: A meta-analysis and systematic review.
2020 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy of melatonin for chronic insomnia: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
2022 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Energy Drinks and Their Adverse Health Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2021 · Sports health
5 Repeated evidence Herbal Remedies and Their Possible Effect on the GABAergic System and Sleep.
2021 · Nutrients
5 Repeated evidence Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.
2021 · Nutrients
5 Repeated evidence How Do We Improve Sleep Quality After Total Joint Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
2025 · The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · 840 participants
5 Repeated evidence Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia.
2020 · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 323 participants
5 Repeated evidence Impact of physical therapy techniques and common interventions on sleep quality in patients with chronic pain: A systematic review.
2024 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Approaches to the assessment of adherence to CBT-I, predictors of adherence, and the association of adherence to outcomes: A systematic review.
2022 · Sleep medicine reviews · 102 participants
5 Repeated evidence The Herbal Medicine Suanzaoren ( Ziziphi Spinosae Semen ) for Sleep Quality Improvements: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2023 · Integrative cancer therapies · 785 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence Effects of acute cardiovascular exercise on motor memory encoding and consolidation: A systematic review with meta-analysis.
2021 · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 862 participants
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy and safety of Z-substances in the management of insomnia in older adults: a systematic review for the development of recommendations to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing.
2022 · BMC geriatrics
5 Repeated evidence Biological rhythms in premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review.
2024 · BMC women's health
5 Repeated evidence Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2021 · PloS one · 400 participants
5 Repeated evidence Does cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia reduce repetitive negative thinking and sleep-related worry beliefs? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2021 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Relationship of sleep quality, BMI, Dietary, and socioeconomic attributes among young adults: A systematic review.
2026 · Journal of health psychology
5 Repeated evidence A systematic review on whole-body photobiomodulation for exercise performance and recovery.
2025 · Lasers in medical science
5 Repeated evidence Association of Second-generation Antiandrogens With Cognitive and Functional Toxic Effects in Randomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2023 · JAMA oncology · 524 participants
5 Repeated evidence A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between young adults' sleep habits and substance use, with a focus on self-medication behaviours.
2023 · Sleep medicine reviews · 46 participants
5 Repeated evidence The effects of different types of exercises on cognition in older persons with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2024 · Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
5 Repeated evidence Effects of exercise by type and duration on quality of life in patients with digestive system cancers: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
2023 · Journal of sport and health science · 2,558 participants
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy of lifestyle and psychosocial interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people: Systematic review.
2020 · Ageing research reviews · 64 participants
5 Repeated evidence Which Interventions Are Effective in Treating Sleep Disturbances After THA or TKA? A Systematic Review.
2025 · Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2,469 participants
5 Repeated evidence A systematic review of the clinical use of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction.
2020 · Phytotherapy research : PTR
5 Repeated evidence A network meta-analysis of the long- and short-term efficacy of sleep medicines in adults and older adults.
2022 · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 25,923 participants
4 Large controlled trial The effects of improving sleep on mental health (OASIS): a randomised controlled trial with mediation analysis.
2019 · The lancet. Psychiatry · 3,755 participants
5 Repeated evidence Vitamin B12, B6, or Folate and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2021 · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
5 Repeated evidence Insomnia evaluation and treatment during peripartum: a joint position paper from the European Insomnia Network task force "Sleep and Women," the Italian Marcè Society and international experts task force for perinatal mental health.
2022 · Archives of women's mental health
5 Repeated evidence Different regimens of menopausal hormone therapy for improving sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 15 participants
5 Repeated evidence How does sleep restriction therapy for insomnia work? A systematic review of mechanistic evidence and the introduction of the Triple-R model.
2019 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Oral magnesium supplementation for insomnia in older adults: a Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.
2021 · BMC complementary medicine and therapies
5 Repeated evidence The Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Insomnia Drugs: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 153 Randomized Trials.
2023 · Drugs · 46,412 participants
5 Repeated evidence Effects of melatonin on postoperative sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis.
2023 · Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthe · 516 participants
5 Repeated evidence Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
2024 · Nutrients · 482 participants
5 Repeated evidence Cognitive benefits of music in aerobic exercise: Evidence from a Bayesian network meta-analysis in adults with mild cognitive impairment.
2025 · Archives of gerontology and geriatrics · 2,048 participants
5 Repeated evidence Telemedicine and insomnia: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Sleep medicine
5 Repeated evidence Light Therapy to Improve Sleep Quality in Older Adults Living in Residential Long-Term Care: A Systematic Review.
2023 · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
5 Repeated evidence The effectiveness of the behavioural components of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in older adults: A systematic review.
2023 · Journal of sleep research
5 Repeated evidence Effect of exercise interventions for sleep quality in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2023 · International urology and nephrology · 989 participants
5 Repeated evidence Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation on Fatigue, Motor Function and Cognition: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
2024 · Biological research for nursing
5 Repeated evidence The effect of single-component sleep restriction therapy on depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2024 · Journal of sleep research · 1,102 participants
5 Repeated evidence The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review.
2024 · Minerva medica
5 Repeated evidence The Impact of Dietary Factors on the Sleep of Athletically Trained Populations: A Systematic Review.
2022 · Nutrients · 16 participants
5 Repeated evidence Physical exercise as a therapeutic approach for adults with insomnia: systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 295 participants
5 Repeated evidence Challenging beliefs for quality sleep: A systematic review of maladaptive sleep beliefs and treatment outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.
2023 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy and safety of non-benzodiazepine and non-Z-drug hypnotic medication for insomnia in older people: a systematic literature review.
2020 · European journal of clinical pharmacology · 10 participants
5 Repeated evidence How are Consumer Sleep Technology Data Being Used to Deliver Behavioral Sleep Medicine Interventions? A Systematic Review.
2022 · Behavioral sleep medicine · 10 participants
5 Repeated evidence The Impact of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions on Sleep Disturbance in Depressed and Anxious Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review.
2022 · Behavioral sleep medicine
5 Repeated evidence The effects of nonpharmacological sleep hygiene on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
2024 · PloS one
5 Repeated evidence Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effects of Caffeine in Fatigued Shift Workers: Implications for Emergency Medical Services Personnel.
2019 · Prehospital emergency care
5 Repeated evidence A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Footbath Effects and Optimal Procedures to Improve Sleep in Older Adults.
2025 · Scandinavian journal of caring sciences
5 Repeated evidence Interventions for Migraine and Sleep: A Systematic Review Exploring Their Bidirectional Association.
2026 · European journal of neurology · 1,941 participants
5 Repeated evidence A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Over-the-Counter Medications Used in Older People for the Treatment of Primary insomnia.
2021 · The Senior care pharmacist
5 Repeated evidence Does cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia improve cognitive performance? A systematic review and narrative synthesis.
2018 · Sleep medicine reviews · 4 participants
5 Repeated evidence What works for jetlag? A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions.
2019 · Sleep medicine reviews
5 Repeated evidence Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Mood and Insomnia in Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review.
2021 · Alzheimer disease and associated disorders
4 Large controlled trial The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and cognitive function of individuals undergoing hemodialysis.
2026 · Sleep medicine · 102 participants
5 Repeated evidence Paradoxical intention for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2022 · Journal of sleep research
5 Repeated evidence Dietary Supplement Ingredients for Optimizing Cognitive Performance Among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review.
2021 · Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York,
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia has sustained effects on insomnia, fatigue, and function among people with chronic heart failure and insomnia: the HeartSleep Study.
2022 · Sleep · 175 participants
5 Repeated evidence Exploring Clinical Trials to Manage Firefighters' Sleep Quality: A PRISMA Compliant Systematic Review.
2023 · International journal of environmental research and public h
5 Repeated evidence Effectiveness of Light Therapy in Cognitively Impaired Persons: A Metaanalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
2017 · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
5 Repeated evidence Optimising sleep and performance during night float: A systematic review of evidence and implications for graduate medical education trainees.
2021 · Journal of sleep research · 179 participants
4 Large controlled trial Assessment of an App-Based Sleep Program to Improve Sleep Outcomes in a Clinical Insomnia Population: Randomized Controlled Trial.
2025 · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 132 participants
4 Large controlled trial Synergistic effects of exercise, cognitive training and vitamin D on gait performance and falls in mild cognitive impairment-secondary outcomes from the SYNERGIC trial.
2025 · Age and ageing · 161 participants
4 Large controlled trial Depression prevention via digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
2020 · Sleep · 358 participants
4 Large controlled trial The effects of a sleep-focused smartphone application on insomnia and depressive symptoms: a randomised controlled trial and mediation analysis.
2023 · Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disci · 264 participants
5 Repeated evidence Italian Association of Sleep Medicine (AIMS) position statement and guideline on the treatment of menopausal sleep disorders.
2019 · Maturitas
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy and acceptability of blue-wavelength light therapy for post-TBI behavioral symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
2022 · PloS one · 278 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effect of a 2-year diet intervention with walnuts on cognitive decline. The Walnuts And Healthy Aging (WAHA) study: a randomized controlled trial.
2020 · The American journal of clinical nutrition · 657 participants
5 Repeated evidence Menopause and movement: exercise for better sleep and psychological well-being-a systematic review.
2025 · Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
5 Repeated evidence Comparative Efficacy of Different Aquatic Exercise Modalities on Cognitive Function in The Elderly: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
2026 · Journal of sports science & medicine · 324 participants
5 Repeated evidence Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for chronic insomnia in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2026 · Sleep medicine
5 Repeated evidence Effect of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on the Mental Health of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
2026 · Gastroenterology nursing : the official journal of the Socie
5 Repeated evidence The impact of mind-body and aerobic exercises on subjective and objective sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
2026 · Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)
5 Repeated evidence Sleep program efficacy across gender and racial/ethnic groups: A content review and meta-analysis.
2025 · Sleep medicine reviews · 599 participants
5 Repeated evidence Pineal Gland Volume, Sleep Quality, and Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2026 · Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 1,055 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence What is the most effective non-pharmacological treatment for poor sleep quality in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients? a systematic review.
2026 · Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 783 participants
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy of Yoga Nidra in Managing Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
2026 · Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 244 participants
5 Repeated evidence Sleep quality in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: which exercise therapy is the most effective? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 31 RCTs.
2025 · Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Soc
5 Repeated evidence Efficacy of different exercise interventions on cognitive function in adults with major depressive disorder and subthreshold depression: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.
2026 · European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
5 Repeated evidence Mental Fatigue and Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Including GRADE Qualification.
2026 · European journal of sport science · 205 participants
5 Repeated evidence The effect of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy on sleep quality and insomnia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2026 · Scientific reports
5 Repeated evidence Trends in the use of Baduanjin for improving sleep quality: a visual analysis.
2026 · Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
5 Repeated evidence A systematic review of sleep hygiene interventions in physically and operationally demanding occupations.
2026 · Sleep medicine reviews · 7 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive behavioral therapy, singly and combined with medication, for persistent insomnia: a randomized controlled trial.
2009 · JAMA · 160 participants
4 Large controlled trial Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia for older adults with sleep difficulties: a randomized clinical trial.
2023 · Psychological medicine · 127 participants
4 Large controlled trial Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cognition in Adults With Mild to Moderate Vitamin D Deficiency: Outcomes From the VitaMIND Randomized Controlled Trial.
2025 · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 620 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
5 Repeated evidence Caffeine and neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementia: A systematic review.
2020 · Experimental gerontology
4 Large controlled trial Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and agomelatine on sleep quality and biomarkers of adult patients with mild to moderate depressive disorder.
2023 · Journal of affective disorders · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia prevents and alleviates suicidal ideation: insomnia remission is a suicidolytic mechanism.
2022 · Sleep · 658 participants
5 Repeated evidence Insomnia in the elderly.
2016 · BMJ clinical evidence
5 Repeated evidence Interventions to improve sleep for individuals with Angelman syndrome: A systematic review.
2020 · Research in developmental disabilities · 54 participants
4 Large controlled trial Esketamine improves postoperative sleep quality in women undergoing gynecological laparoscopy: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial.
2025 · Sleep medicine · 150 participants
4 Large controlled trial Sleep regularity is associated with sleep-wake and circadian timing, and mediates daytime function in Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder.
2020 · Sleep medicine · 170 participants
4 Large controlled trial The Effects of Vitamin D-Enriched Mushrooms and Vitamin D3 on Cognitive Performance and Mood in Healthy Elderly Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
2021 · Nutrients · 436 participants
4 Large controlled trial Treating insomnia in depression: Insomnia related factors predict long-term depression trajectories.
2019 · Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 148 participants
4 Large controlled trial Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS) mediate outcomes in dCBT-I on psychological distress, fatigue, and insomnia severity.
2023 · Sleep medicine · 1,073 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on insomnia and sleep hormones in patients with diabetes mellitus.
2024 · Frontiers in endocrinology · 320 participants
4 Large controlled trial Sleep to Lower Elevated Blood Pressure: A Randomized Controlled Trial (SLEPT).
2018 · American journal of hypertension · 134 participants
4 Large controlled trial Digital App Based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy CBT-I Course Improving Insomnia and Sleep Hygiene: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
2026 · Journal of sleep research · 191 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
4 Large controlled trial Efficacy evaluation and facial expressions biomarker of light therapy in youths with subthreshold depression: A randomized control trial study.
2025 · Journal of affective disorders · 135 participants
4 Large controlled trial The effect of sleep hygiene education on sleep quality and blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension in a family practice center: a randomized controlled trial.
2026 · Family practice · 138 participants
4 Large controlled trial Paraoxonase 1, B Vitamins Supplementation, and Mild Cognitive Impairment.
2021 · Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 196 participants
4 Large controlled trial An investigation into an evening intake of a saffron extract (affron®) on sleep quality, cortisol, and melatonin concentrations in adults with poor sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose study.
2021 · Sleep medicine · 120 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive-behavioral treatment for comorbid insomnia and osteoarthritis pain in primary care: the lifestyles randomized controlled trial.
2013 · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2,011 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognition and Vitamin D in Older African-American Women- Physical performance and Osteoporosis prevention with vitamin D in older African Americans Trial and Dementia.
2019 · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 260 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effect of melatonin on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients submitted to transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia.
2024 · Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 118 participants
4 Large controlled trial Impact of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia disorder on sleep and comorbid symptoms in military personnel: a randomized clinical trial.
2019 · Sleep · 151 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effectiveness of one-week internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia to prevent progression from acute to chronic insomnia: A two-arm, multi-center, randomized controlled trial.
2023 · Psychiatry research · 192 participants
4 Large controlled trial Sleep-specific outcomes attributable to digitally delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in adults with insomnia and depressive symptoms.
2024 · Behavioral sleep medicine · 1,149 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
4 Large controlled trial Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (HETLIOZ®) improves sleep in patients with primary insomnia: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
2025 · PloS one · 322 participants
4 Large controlled trial A randomized controlled trial comparing sleep hygiene advice with a self-help book focusing on cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a study among patients with prescribed hypnotics from the GP.
2026 · Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 125 participants
4 Large controlled trial The relationship between abdominal fat and sleep quality after combined exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2025 · Frontiers in endocrinology · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial High-Intensity Circuit Training Plus Sleep Health Intervention for Sleep Improvement: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
2026 · JAMA network open · 2,024 participants
4 Large controlled trial Feasibility of implementing a multi-component intervention of environmental control in mechanically ventilated ICU patients to improve sleep: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
2026 · Intensive & critical care nursing · 122 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Biofeedback for Chronic Headache: Effects on Pain Catastrophizing, Sleep Quality, and Disability.
2026 · Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial Impact of Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cognitive Performance among United States (US) Military Officers: The Ranger Resilience and Improved Performance on Phospholipid-Bound Omega-3's (RRIPP-3) Study.
2021 · Nutrients · 555 participants
4 Large controlled trial Attribution, cognition and psychopathology in persistent insomnia disorder: outcome and mediation analysis from a randomized placebo-controlled trial of online cognitive behavioural therapy.
2015 · Sleep medicine · 164 participants
4 Large controlled trial The effects of sleep hygiene education and reflexology on sleep quality and fatigue in patients receiving chemotherapy.
2019 · European journal of cancer care · 167 participants
4 Large controlled trial Melatonin agonist tasimelteon (VEC-162) for transient insomnia after sleep-time shift: two randomised controlled multicentre trials.
2009 · Lancet (London, England) · 106 participants
4 Large controlled trial Intraindividual variability in sleep schedule: effects of an internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia program and its relation with symptom remission.
2021 · Sleep · 303 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effects of (non)deceptive placebos on reported sleep quality and food cue reactivity.
2024 · Journal of sleep research · 150 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effects of Additional Individually Tailored Interventions on Sick-Leave and Symptoms in Patients with Exhaustion Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
2022 · Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 142 participants
4 Large controlled trial Rehabilitation for improved cognition in patients with stress-related exhaustion disorder: RECO - a randomized clinical trial.
2019 · Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 111 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effect of omega-3 and vitamin D co-supplementation on psychological distress in reproductive-aged women with pre-diabetes and hypovitaminosis D: A randomized controlled trial.
2021 · Brain and behavior · 168 participants
4 Large controlled trial Distinguishing rumination from worry in clinical insomnia.
2010 · Behaviour research and therapy · 242 participants
4 Large controlled trial Digital cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I): Chronotype moderation on intervention outcomes.
2022 · Journal of sleep research · 1,721 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia treatment attrition in patients with weekly nightmares.
2023 · Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publica · 110 participants
4 Large controlled trial Who benefits from CBT for insomnia in primary care? Important patient selection and trial design lessons from longitudinal results of the Lifestyles trial.
2014 · Sleep · 2,011 participants
4 Large controlled trial Omega-3 Supplementation for the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Does It Depend on Homocysteine Levels?
2022 · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 1,680 participants
4 Large controlled trial The Effect of Tele-Savvy on Sleep Quality and Insomnia in Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia.
2024 · Clinical interventions in aging · 137 participants
4 Large controlled trial Exploring the Effect of Lactium™ and Zizyphus Complex on Sleep Quality: A Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
2017 · Nutrients · 171 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
4 Large controlled trial Psychometric Comparison of the Full and Abbreviated Versions of the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale.
2017 · Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publica · 312 participants
4 Large controlled trial Trajectory of self-care in people with stable heart failure and insomnia after two self-care interventions.
2022 · Patient education and counseling · 175 participants
4 Large controlled trial Group cognitive behavioural treatment for insomnia in primary care: a randomized controlled trial.
2016 · Psychological medicine · 239 participants
4 Large controlled trial Long-Term Maintenance of Therapeutic Gains Associated With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Delivered Alone or Combined With Zolpidem.
2017 · Sleep · 160 participants
4 Large controlled trial Valerian-hops combination and diphenhydramine for treating insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.
2006 · Sleep · 184 participants
4 Large controlled trial Cognitive behavioural therapy to treat stress and insomnia: A randomized wait list-controlled trial of two online courses.
2023 · Journal of sleep research · 588 participants
4 Large controlled trial Symphony of healing: Investigating the effects of integrating music therapy with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dynamic interpersonal therapy (DIT) on depression.
2025 · Psychiatry research · 230 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effect of Sleep Report Feedback With Health Guidance Using a Sleep Monitoring Device for Improving Sleep in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
2026 · Geriatrics & gerontology international · 229 participants
4 Large controlled trial Sleep well and live well: Impact of sleep hygiene intervention on sleep duration in a rural community: A randomized controlled trial (THE SWELL STUDY).
2025 · The Journal of rural health : official journal of the Americ · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial Perioperative multimodal behavioral optimization improves recovery and long-term outcomes after curative gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial.
2026 · Surgical endoscopy · 280 participants
4 Large controlled trial The impact of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on cognitive performance and amyloid beta in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.
2026 · Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Asso · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial Healing hearts and mending minds (FitBrain): a home-based aerobic exercise intervention to improve cognitive outcomes in older persons living with HIV.
2025 · AIDS care · 115 participants
4 Large controlled trial Targeting hyperarousal to improve sleep: A network intervention analysis of a digital intervention for insomnia.
2026 · Behaviour research and therapy · 290 participants
4 Large controlled trial Qinghao Biejia Decoction Combined with Auricular Acupoint Seed Embedding in Improving TCM Syndromes and Sleep Parameters in Perimenopausal Insomnia Patients.
2026 · Behavioral sleep medicine · 160 participants
4 Large controlled trial Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha root extract sustained-release (AshwaSR) capsules in healthy adult, stressed subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, 3-arm clinical trial.
2026 · Medicine · 135 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
4 Large controlled trial Caffeine selectively mitigates cognitive deficits caused by sleep deprivation.
2021 · Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and co · 276 participants
4 Large controlled trial A 2-night, 3-period, crossover study of ramelteon's efficacy and safety in older adults with chronic insomnia.
2007 · Current medical research and opinion · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial [Comparative study of the clinical efficacy and safety of the fixed dose combination Levroso Long with Melaxen and Diphenhydramine in patients with insomnia].
2023 · Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 312 participants
4 Large controlled trial Effect of monthly vitamin D3 supplementation in healthy adults on adverse effects of earthquakes: randomised controlled trial.
2015 · BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 308 participants
4 Large controlled trial Sleep locus of control and computerized cognitive-behavioral therapy (cCBT).
2010 · Behaviour research and therapy · 100 participants
4 Large controlled trial Use of a post-sleep questionnaire-interactive voice response system (PSQ-IVRS) to evaluate the subjective sleep effects of ramelteon in adults with chronic insomnia.
2012 · Sleep medicine · 552 participants
3 Small study in people Efficacy of time restricted eating and resistance training on body composition and mood profiles among young adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial.
2025 · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
3 Small study in people The impact of 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation on sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.
2024 · Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
3 Small study in people Safety and Efficacy of Ashwagandha Root Extract on Cognition, Energy and Mood Problems in Adults: Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.
2026 · Journal of psychoactive drugs · 60 participants
3 Small study in people Investigating the efficacy of digital cognitive behavioural therapy in comparison to a sleep-monitoring application via integrated diary and actigraphy: A randomised-controlled trial.
2025 · Journal of sleep research · 29 participants · manufacturer helped fund this
3 Small study in people Effects of Resistance Exercise Training on Cognitive Function and Physical Performance in Cognitive Frailty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
2019 · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 30 participants
3 Small study in people Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 on Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Quality in Self-Reported Insomniacs: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial.
2021 · Nutrients · manufacturer helped fund this
3 Small study in people Effects of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on insomnia severity: a large-scale randomised controlled trial.
2021 · The Lancet. Digital health
3 Small study in people Melatonin and sleep parameters in infertile women with endometriosis: first results from the triple-blind randomized controlled trial of administration of melatonin in chronic pelvic pain and sleep disturbance.
2025 · PloS one
3 Small study in people Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) improves sleep quality in chronic insomnia disorder: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.
2025 · Sleep medicine · 40 participants
3 Small study in people Safety and tolerability of spermidine supplementation in mice and older adults with subjective cognitive decline.
2019 · Aging · 30 participants
3 Small study in people Mindfulness meditation and improvement in sleep quality and daytime impairment among older adults with sleep disturbances: a randomized clinical trial.
2015 · JAMA internal medicine · 25 participants
3 Small study in people Effect of matcha green tea on cognitive functions and sleep quality in older adults with cognitive decline: A randomized controlled study over 12 months.
2024 · PloS one · manufacturer helped fund this
3 Small study in people Exploring the Psychological and Physiological Insights Through Digital Phenotyping by Analyzing the Discrepancies Between Subjective Insomnia Severity and Activity-Based Objective Sleep Measures: Observational Cohort Study.
2025 · JMIR mental health · 2,023 participants
3 Small study in people Effects of exercise training on sleep quality and heart rate variability in middle-aged and older adults with poor sleep quality: a randomized controlled trial.
2021 · Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publica
3 Small study in people Treating insomnia improves depression, maladaptive thinking, and hyperarousal in postmenopausal women: comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI), sleep restriction therapy, and sleep hygiene education.
2020 · Sleep medicine
3 Small study in people Cognitive gains and cortical thickness changes after 12 weeks of resistance training in older adults with low and high risk of mild cognitive impairment: Findings from a randomized controlled trial.
2025 · Brain research bulletin
3 Small study in people Cognitive behavioral therapy vs. Tai Chi for late life insomnia and inflammatory risk: a randomized controlled comparative efficacy trial.
2015 · Sleep
3 Small study in people Standardized Extract of Valeriana officinalis Improves Overall Sleep Quality in Human Subjects with Sleep Complaints: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study.
2024 · Advances in therapy · 37 participants
3 Small study in people Preventing postpartum insomnia: findings from a three-arm randomized-controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, a responsive bassinet, and sleep hygiene.
2024 · Sleep
3 Small study in people Effect of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Insomnia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
2020 · Psychotherapy and psychosomatics
3 Small study in people Mulberry leaf extract combined with tryptophan improves sleep and post wake mood in adults with sleep complaints - A randomized cross-over study.
2025 · European journal of nutrition · 42 participants